The Federal Government of Nigeria has officially recognized the Gulf of Guinea as a significant route for the trafficking of arms, drugs, and human beings into the country. This alarming revelation was made by the National Security Adviser (NSA), Nuhu Ribadu, during a seminar in Abuja focused on maritime security and organized crime.
The NSA highlighted that organized crime syndicates are increasingly exploiting the Gulf of Guinea's vast maritime domain, which spans over 2.3 million square kilometers and includes some of Africa's richest natural resources. The region is not only a crucial hub for oil production but has also become a hotbed for various illicit activities, including drug trafficking, human trafficking, oil theft, and piracy.
“Reports have indicated that small arms and light weapons are being smuggled through our maritime sector,” Ribadu stated. “The government is committed to further investigating the Gulf of Guinea as a major conduit for these illegal activities.” He emphasized the need to understand the interplay between climate change, armed conflict, and the proliferation of weapons in this region.
The Gulf of Guinea has seen a dramatic rise in maritime threats over recent years. From 2019 to 2023, pirate groups kidnapped over 400 seafarers for ransom, making it one of the most dangerous maritime zones globally. The region accounted for approximately 95% of global kidnappings at sea in recent years, surpassing even notorious piracy hotspots like Somalia.
In addition to arms trafficking, Nigeria faces severe challenges related to drug smuggling. The Gulf serves as a transit point for significant quantities of cocaine from Latin America destined for Europe. It is estimated that 25% to 35% of Andean cocaine consumed in Europe passes through West Africa, with Nigeria being a primary entry point.
Human trafficking remains another pressing issue. Vulnerable populations are often exploited by organized networks that promise better opportunities abroad but instead subject them to dire conditions. The NSA noted that many victims are trafficked under the guise of seeking education or employment in Europe.
The Nigerian government is taking steps to address these challenges through enhanced regional cooperation and international partnerships aimed at improving maritime security and law enforcement capabilities. Ribadu called for stronger frameworks for arms control and environmental resilience to combat these emerging threats effectively.